Explosive-engine.



f1/,W CONNERS.

EXFLSWE ENGNE.

APPucATloN man MAR. 9. m4,

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

. ?atente Aim i3, 915.

wam).

CGNNERS.

QXPLOSIVE ENGNE,

APPLICATON FILED MARKS, i914K atented; Apr.v i3, wifi.

4 SHEETS-SHEET "2.

Mju"

EKLSIVE-ENGINE.

Speccaton of Letters atcnt.

application Ene Karen 9, wie. xcria E230.

T ai? fuffa/1m it may concem s Be it known that i, TJALTER iN. Conni-:12s. a citizen of tbe United States, residing at Chicago. in tbe county of Cool; and State of liiinois, have invented certain new and useui improvements in Enoiosive'ngines; and do declaretne oiloiiing to be a uii, clear, and exactdescriptin of the invention, such as will enable others skiiied in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to improvements in explosive engines and more particuiarlgr to those of the upright type,

The primary objectoi the invention is to provide an internal combustion engine baving ,a main power piston and a supplemental piston movabie toward or away iron] each other and within the saine cylinder, said suppienientai piston acting simultaneously to discharge the burnt gases from said cylinder and io drew in a new charge of live gases. Y

To the above end, it becomes necessary to provide a b v-pass from the top of the cyiinder toa point nearer the lower end thereof.

secondaryY object, therefore. is to provide means for automatically ciearing said lay-pass of burnt gases.

Another object lies 'in constructing said end of said 1oy-pass to be cioseti upon intaire strokes of tbe suppieniental piston.

A still urt-ber object is to provide simple and eiiicieiit means for controlling the. movements of said supplemental piston.

W'ith the above objects in View, the inven tion resides in certain noveli'eatures of oon- 'struction and combination herein described und claimed and shown in the drawings wherein:

Figure i is a vertical longitudinal section through niy improved engine, parte being shown in eeration for the sake o clearness, und 'the pistons being shown in the posit-ion which they assume at the moment the ,frases are to be ignited ivitliin the cylinder; Fig. 2 is av sectional View taken at right angles to Fig. l. showing the same position of the pistons and also the position which she plunger within the b v-pass assumes Wlien the remainder of the parts are in this position; Figs. 3 and 4 are views similar to Fig. Q

and show respectively the position of parts' at the end ot' power stroke and at the end of a combined exhaust and intake stroke end revoinbly mounted in one oi' oi the suppienientai piston; Fig. 5 is a verticai section similar to the iigures just described and showing the position of the pis tons and the plunger Within the oy-pass which they assume near the completion of a compression stroke of tlie power piston; Fig. 6 is anv enlarged vertical section through a portion of the cylinder and the by-pass; Fig. 7 is aside eievation o a portion of the cyiinder and showing the construction o the controlling means for the supplemental piston; and Fig. 8 is a detail side eleva-tion of the upper portion of the cyiinder and the parts mounted thereon.

In the accompanying drawings, have shown my improved explosive engine as comprising in general, a base l 'which aiso constitutes a crank case and in which she crank .slialt 2 is journaled,'a cylinder 3 rising from the upper end oi' said combined base and cranir case. a main power piston 4i, ai suppiementai piston 5 and the hereinafter described mechanism for operating said suppiementai piston. The crank siiait 2 is iournaied in suitable bearings in the opposite sides of the combined base and crank oase l and the crank S i said shaft nreera-biy revoives between a pair or" upright walls i' through iviiicir tne shaft Z is also journaled and iviich are suitabiy shane@ at. their upper ends to forni a circular' support for the iower end of tbe cylinder 3, which is preierabiy threaded into said support.

iigidly keyed upon the shaft 2 between .tlie outer Wali of tbe base i and one oi the upright u'uils i', is a spur gear 8 which meshes with a ,siniiiar gear 9 rigidly keyed upon a crank shaft l() which nas its inner tbe walls 7, while its outer end is rotatably support-ed in a suitabie bearing formed on tbe upper terminal of un arm il which has iis ioiver end l2 journaled around said shaft, This arm li is suitabliT supported by means of u bolt 13 wbicli is i ivotaiiv secured near the upper end of said arm il, passes through un opening in said base or crank ease, and receives a nut l-i. which is swiveled upon the outer face of said lcrank case in any suitable manner.

The cylinder 3 provi-ded near its upper end with a biz-pass l5 which communicates with said'cyiindor by-a number et ports 16 and is preerabiv of cyiindricai contour ior the reception of a plunger 1T, Awhich is .means of a' coil 'col1ars"thereon. The rod 45k-is .provided Av E #pl'lng'lll whichl est/against an ear 19 and with upper and lower stops 48 and 49 near: 'l

:Ienclrclesthe-stem'Zof-'said lunger which its upper end, vsaid end lying in approxi-A is'slidable through said ear.. E lhe operation mately the plane of theupper ends of the softhe plunger 17 willbehereinafter .more guides 37, .while its =lower portion passes'7c clearly Set orth. lInvaddition .to the-ports through a suitable opening in 'the top o f 116 and=the bypaee 15,i the4 cylinder 3 is prothe crank-'case 1 and is connected to an eci videdf-in .its extremefupper fend with an centric baud. 5G within-which revolves ani-lmtakeport21 which communicates with the eccentric 51 which keyedupbn theshaft Y. 1o inferior ofxa 'suitable casingv 22 in which av 2 on the opposite side of the engine from 7 5 1 Spring4 closed intake valve 23is'mounted the' gear 8.

" for-'vertical'rhovement. The. stem' of the Co-acting-withthe eccentric 51 and the",

valve'*2 3 is 'providedwith"upperland lower; rrod45, for the purposefof regulating thaiv i shoulders 24 and'25, a'coilsp 26. press" movement of the cross head 38 andthe pls'- ng' no1'rna1ly againstthe shoul er 24 and ton rod 34and therefore, the movements-ofj' 0" I.. v"against thev lowerend'of .the casing '22-to the supplemental piston 5, ll employ mechas',

retain the valve' 2 3] 1n closed position. 4msm now to be described. Pivotally mount# Directly below thefin'takeport 21 is an ex ed at 5 2 .upon 'a' suitable supporting arm haust port 27 which communicates with the which may well be carried by. one ofl the a; interior` o f a casi ng.28 in .whichian exhaust guides 37, is a bellcrank lever 53 whlch has' 8i."-

valve 29 is'mounted forv vertical movement,-` one of its; arms lyingn a horizontal plane V the stein of. said'valve r1 ing-,and beingpro- -and provided/with' an syga through which" vided with upper'and lowercollars 3() and the portion of therod 41.9 aietween the/stops 'upper end' ofthec'asing .28, wherebysaid vided with a horizontal -als;tension 53. which yalye 29 isnormally held casing.`

31, 'a 'coil s ring' 32 b emgjsecure'd -'at its 48 and 49,' loo'sely slidleeoile its otherarm 5.2i. Aopposite en sato-the collar l31 and to the 'stands substantially usa-fright and is pro-1904 seated within its' 1s pivotally c nnected`ar55 to a rod 56 the.'

' lower end of whichis plvoted to the .upper-1 The piston 4 maybe of'theusual orlany end o-.the water JacketA 36. Pivotally Y. y30 desired construction andis 'connected vin-.al mounted upon the' pivot 55 connectlng the 95A well-known manner-to the crank by a piston arm 54 withl the rod 56, is a substantiallyrod 33.l The supplemental piston 5 is of horizontal link 57 which is pivoted tof'thef -considerably less length than the piston `4 upper end of. a hook 58, which, as 'show'n` the lower end of 1an-upright piston rod 34Qable-u ontherod 56 is an eye 59 which is which 'slides looselyI throughastuling box' forme '35, thev latter being disposed between" the whichrises from a hook .61 which is pivoted top ofthe cylinder 3;.andthe top of a 'suitat 'its lower end tothe cross headBS, as l 'il 40 .ablewaterjacketl 36 and ogerating betweeny clearly-shown'at 62. The bills 58 and 61 'a alr of upright guides 3 i y'secured to thetopof said'water Jacket.; adapted to engage notches-63 and 64 formed Slidabl'ev between the guides 37 'and upon.ll in -one side of the piston rod 84 above the the piston rod 34 is'across headl 38, .the cross'head' 38. By this constructionand which are rig. vofthe hooks 58 and 61 respectively "are i I A arms39 of which project l'aterallyand are vmounting ofthe hooks 58 and 61 and their-'11o v connectedi by s 4 0'with the outer' ends' operating'mecha Ism, .when the-rod' L15-'is of arms 4 1 which are rigidly secured to the raised or lowered by the 'eccentric 51, the4 opposite ends of a rock shaft 42, the latter` v shouldersof said rodwill contact with the eing revolubly. mounted in a horizontal eye-'54 and will thUs'operate said hoks'n a positioni-n suitable'bea'rings carnedby'thejmanner .tobe more clearly set forth, i f: `arms 41 are spaced a ylVith' the-parts as v.above .described-, 'the suitable distance-from sadwater-jacket to' opeatl'on'of the devicejs as f0llows As- Y.

a link 43! with thecrapk lOfof' the`crank 'and and that said l:'pistor'ls assume .the 'Y shaft 10 whichis driven by the gears 8 and it'ons shownin'lfig. 2: 'the' sparkisnow fired 'i in a manner toapp'ea'r. A 's clearly shown by a 'suitable spark plug P which-may well 1n the .drawings-5 one of the arms 41is spaced f project into the byfpass' 15 and th y i il a considerable-distance fromthe lstems of. pressed gasesvithjnth' the 'intake and. exhaust va-lves 23 'and 29' ignited. When the and isalsolocated outside of'an'u right 'rod tion, the bill 58 ofthe hook.. 58 is' f w lchlcarries apair pf-'inwardly extendwith the notch'fin the .piston. frod 34.` off. 1ng fingers 46 and 47 which are provided on the supplemental 'pistong and'tliiis-preventsf the1r inner endswith eyes which slidelooselyl said supplemental -pi'stonffrommoving with# 'I' 8 5.upon the stemsof .said'valvesbetween thev inthe cylinder 3. The ignition'.ofthegases 130 parts stand1in'this'posi-"zi' above the 4 will o eourseceuse seid iston to deemed and this movement esili impart e rotary motion to the crank shaft 2 olf-'the engine and Wiil, through the action ofthegears 8 and 9, the link 4.73, the arms lll, and the links e0, move the cross head 38 upwardly By-the time sind cross head has Y the pon end 34 and to engage the hill of the hooi: 61 with the notch 6e in seid piston rod. "he upward movement of the rod 45 has, siinnlteneonsiy with the 'shifting of the ilo-oies 58 end 61, sensed the nger 45T to Contact with the shoulder 30 on the stem of the valve k29 and thus seid valve has heen opened and the exhaust port 27 is in corninnnicstion with the open air. The momen tuin imparted to the shaft :Zend s suitable fly Wheel F wiii nonrv continue to rotate the y gear 9 and the crank i9 driven thereby is um ed downwardly from the raised position r-.hirh it now assumes. This downwerd movement on the part o the erfenis lG, will, through the'hereinbefore described con nections, poll downwerdiy upon the arms 39 of the crossheed 38 which is et this time :connected with the piston rod 3e h the hook ifi. which rod will nos* he pui ed downwardly and will, t refiere, force the supplement-sl piston toward the piston 4, Whit-h hy this time is trsveiing upwardly. The two pistons in thus coming together, will eieotuallydrive all eheust gases ont of the ojviinder and the descent or the piston 5 will also draw in e new charge of gas through the inlet Vsive 2?ev lt may here bestetcd that when the gas formerly stood comp between the two pistons, the plunger l. was compressed against its spring 1S, but/.when said gas'was i" oit-ed, andthe piston i rtrsveled downilly, seid phuiger was forced upwardly by its spring and lthus drove :ail exhaust gases from the bypass into the top of the cylinder 3 from which they will he enpelled hy the descent of the piston 5. The :ascent of the plunger 17 not only erzpels the exhaust gases from the ivy-pass l5, but it @loses tl rinus ports if; which communicate v. o seid lijf-pass into the interior of the c lin-dei' 25 :ind thus prevonts'the descent o? toe piston 5 from drawing; any of' the burnt gases into the top of the cylinder and this causing seid supplemental piston 5 to die nothing hait fresh Qns into the uppei-fend oi' sniil i-ylinder. As the piston i is not reise@ through the fiction 'of the y of the. ports i6, through the by-'pess l5 und P into the space between seid pistons 4 :ind this ino'afenient on the part of' the fresh ges being Inode possilile by the 'fact that the ges in being compressed, forces the plunger li' again downwardly and uncovers said ports i6. .By the time the piston 5 has yreeel'cl the top of the cylinder 3, the hooi;

Gl is egg-ain disengaged from the notch Si and the hook 558 is again engaged with its notch 63, this hein-g done by the lowering olt the rod by the eccentric 51 which causes the stop i8 to Contact with the eye 5l which action will rock the hell. crank lever and canse seid hooks to move as described. -Thc operation so for described, includes in detnii every notion which telles place upon' n downward stroke and upward stroke of the piston or in other Words, a full revolution oi' the crank shaft 2 and fly Wheel F.

The operation of the crank 10 to actuete the piston 5 et proper intervals, is mode pos siloie by the correct proportioning of the gears 8 end 9, this proportion being 175:1.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, the construction and operation of the invention will he readily understood Without requiring aV more extended explanation.

:tt will he noted that the construction of the various parts is such that gas may he compressed upon every upward stroke of.

the piston 4 and that the downward strokes of seid piston and the supplemental piston, not only imports power to the crank hut discharges Aall exhaust gases from the cylinder and simultaneously draws a fresh Charge of gas' into said 'cylinder to he compressed by the npstroke of said pistons. as previously set forth.

Although l have described my invention with considerable minuterie-ss, I do not Wish to be limited to details of construction other than thosenmpliiied in the appended claims. Having thus described my invention, what I cieim :is new and desire to secure hy Letters Patent is:

L n an internal combustion engine a cylinder, n f crank shaft, e power piston mounted for reciprocation Within said cylinder end connected with said crank shaft, a supplementai piston Within seid cylinder between the head thereof und said power piston and means 'operated by .seid crank shaft for locking seid supplemental piston against reciprooetion until seid power piston has neared the end of zi working stroke, mechanism for then releasing said looking ineens, means for rapidly moving said supplemental piston toward said 'power piston to expel the burnt gases `and to simultaneously draw clprocation nected to said crankshaft, v 115I y '-sald cylinder, a clutch ,reciprocated by thel i crank shaft, a power piston mental i' 'piston mounted 25 gas between l'said supin a freshveharge of the cylinder head and plementa-lfpiston and for returning said'supplemental piston at a speed more rapid than the return 'trajvel of means for conducting of gas into' the space be-' and supplemental pistons, and mechanismfor releasing the operating- Said power pist-cn, the fresh charge tween'said power means for1 said supplemental actuating the locking means 2. In anexplosiveqengine,"

crank shaft,a power piston mountedfor're within vsaid cylinder and cona supplemental piston mounted for.' reciprocation within -piston and for therefor.

connect'- crank shaft, means for alternatel sa1d.re'

ing said'supplemental piston wit ton against reciprocation. 3. In an explosive engine, mounted" for .re--

ciprocation within said c.

within said cylinder. between the head there.

of and said power piston, said head having n an Opening:

`neously engaging-'one of'l said. shoulders.

1an opening,

- -inenta -30 crankshaft,- shoulders on said piston rod, a

a' piston rod js'lidab s aid-' o ening :and connected piston, across-head slidable upon- .said piston 'rod-and. reciprocated by said hook-on said 'cross-head, a hook 'supportedl by said cylinder'. -andmeans for sinniltasaidhooks with andv for disengaging the' other hook from 4. I ngan expnsivefgiae, crank shaft, a power piston mounted forrec lprocationv within saidl. cylinder, a vsupple-` m'ental piston mounted for' reciprocation within said ,cylinder between-the head thereofv and saidgpower piston, said -head having a piston said'op'ening and connected to. said supplec rank shaft, shoulders on said piston r od,'.a 7

hook supported passing `loosely on said-rod-nd 5 6 1.-' -nections between Vsaid hooks mental piston,

a cross head slidablel said piston rodandreeiprocated by sai-d hook on -said 4cross head, a by said cylinder, 'a 'be-ll crank lever .pivot-V ally supported by said cylinder and for-ined with. an eye, an eccentric -on the v'and thereby rock said bell crank and conhook 'from the shoulders on' said a .cylinden'avslidably receive said posed cont iguous to the head mental piston and .to communication against lthe tensiono its; a cylinder, vu said supfplementalpiston substantially as and for ylinder, la supplel for ireciprocation le through-- to said supple-V head of saidmain outwardly'therefrom ,a power piston and a,

plunger, a.v guide secured stem,

rod slidable through' d upon . expellingthe burnt crankshaft, a rod reciprocated bysaid eccentricandv within said eyegA-shoulders adapted to engage said'eye and said 'bell crank :for simultaneously engaging 'oneof i' saidhooks and disengag'ingthe other inseam- I when said' bell crank is rocked; 5. In an internal combustion engine,..n main cylinder, av power and a supplemental piston mounted for reclproeation thereima supplemental cylinder, vertically spacedports establishing' communication between said i supplemental'and main cylinders ata point directly inside the-latter and at a point spaced outwardly. therefrom, plemental cylinder, the lower end of said plunger,a. guide-seterposed between the -said plunger acting spring on a compresslon stroke of the purpose setforth piston rod.,

a spring i11- a plunger in said sup- 6. Infan internal combustion engine,4 a

maln and 'a supplemental cylinder, spaced ports communicating with riors thereof at apoint directly within the cylinder at a pointl spaced v'supplemental Ypiston mounted for reciprocation -within vsaidpower'piston andthe inder, means for mental piston at head of said Ina-n cylreciprocating said supplel predetermined intervals a plunger within saidsupplementalcyl'inder, a, a cylinder, a

stem depending from-theA lower end of said said 'and a spring interpose between the plunger and guide to closeithe' port disposed contiguous' to 'the head` of 'said main Acylin.n

er upon4 'the .outward .movement of said main cylinder to slldablz' supplemental pistomsaid' movement drawing gas between said supple' f 1n -a fresh charge of mental piston and' the cylindeiheai'and gases from 'thecylinder said spring' yieldin on the return'stroke o the supplemental -piston substantially as and for'the purpose set. forth. In testimony whereof I have hereunto-sd; my hand in'presence of-twc nesses,

1 Witnesses: HUGH J. Synon,

WM. B. maar?.

WALTER. wl Conn-@Rsi i vertically j the inte pleinental piston being located betweensald '9o to anoiset f rom receive said subscribing wie in 

